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Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2020-07-30 Origin: Site
my country's new energy vehicle production and sales have ranked first in the world for many years, but for many consumers, they are still entangled in whether to buy new energy vehicles because of mileage anxiety and charging anxiety.
Now this problem that has been plagued by the development of new energy vehicles seems to have a new solution. Compared with the fast charging and slow charging modes, the battery swap mode that can be completed in about three minutes on average has become a choice for many new energy vehicles.
New energy vehicle test water exchange mode
Can be completed in three minutes
At a new energy vehicle swap station in Beijing, the reporter saw that taxis were replacing the battery here from time to time. After the vehicle drove to a designated location, the robotic arm automatically removed the battery and replaced it with a fully charged battery.
From the time the vehicle starts to switch to the station to leave, the entire process takes less than 3 minutes. A switching station like this is equipped with a total of 28 batteries, which can provide replacement services for more than 400 vehicles every day.
It can be seen on the mobile phone of a taxi driver who has just completed the battery swap. The battery swap cost 53.2 yuan. After replacing the battery, his current cruising range is about 250 kilometers, which can basically run for a whole day. .
He told reporters that the current battery replacement is paid according to the mileage traveled. The cost of one kilometer is 0.35 yuan. Compared with the average cost of less than 0.2 yuan per kilometer for charging with a charging pile at home, the battery replacement mode is relatively more expensive. But compared to the cost of 0.6 to 0.7 yuan per kilometer for a fuel vehicle, it is still much lower.
Zhao Zhenzhong, a taxi driver in Beijing: The income can be increased by changing the electricity to ensure one day's operating mileage. It turns out that when charging, it may take four or five hours to charge twice a day.
Although the cost of the battery swap mode is more expensive than charging at home, the benefits of taxis are still increased due to the time savings.
At present, BAIC has put in a total of 17,000 battery swapping vehicles in 19 cities across the country, and has built more than 200 matching swap stations across the country. The layout of the swap stations in Beijing can meet the service radius of 2.53 kilometers in the urban area. And now there are 449 swap stations nationwide. In addition to operating vehicles, some companies are also actively exploring in the private car sector.
High cost and inconsistent standards
The popularity of battery swap mode is limited
The replacement of electricity in three minutes is as convenient as refueling. This new energy vehicle replacement mode has been welcomed by the market. Does it mean that this model can advance all the way and drive new energy vehicles to \"ride the wind and waves\"?
In fact, it is not that simple. The high construction cost of power swap stations, difficulty in profitability for enterprises, and difficulty in unifying battery standards have all hindered the large-scale promotion of power swap models to a certain extent.
At a new energy vehicle swap station in Beijing, the reporter saw that many car owners were queuing to swap batteries. According to the owners, because the number of swap stations is relatively small at present, sometimes the waiting time for power swapping during peak periods is longer. , Some car owners have been waiting for 40 minutes.
It is understood that the investment cost of the current replacement station is still relatively high. Taking the replacement station of BAIC New Energy as an example, the investment cost of the entire replacement station plus equipment and batteries is 5-6 million yuan.
Under the premise of vehicle matching, the load rate of a single switching station can reach 50% to achieve a breakeven. In other words, a power swap station designed to be replaced more than 400 times a day must complete at least about 200 power replacements a day to not lose money.
In fact, as early as 2013, Tesla also briefly tried the water-swap mode, but eventually it gave up due to the high cost of power swaps and inconvenient operation. At present, the domestic companies that are insisting on promoting the replacement mode include BAIC New Energy, Weilai Automobile, Lifan Automobile and so on.
According to industry insiders, in addition to higher investment costs, the current battery standards for new energy vehicles are not uniform, and the batteries of different car companies or different models of the same company are not compatible, and the difficulty of sharing resources also restricts the popularization of battery swap models.
Wang Du, deputy secretary-general of the China Automobile Dealers Association: Everyone has to build a variety of different power replacement stations, and consumers can only go to the company that bought the car to replace it, resulting in very high social costs. If this model is to develop, the first thing to be solved is a unified standard.
Swap station included in new infrastructure
Promote the separation of car and electricity
Problems such as high construction costs, inconsistent standards, and difficulty in profitability, to a certain extent, restrict the large-scale promotion of power exchange models. However, this year, as an important part of the new infrastructure, power swapping was included in the government work report for the first time, and the power swapping model also ushered in a new development situation.
In the case of favorable policies, how can a power exchange model that does not yet have the advantage of scale find a precise position in the market? What is the development direction of the battery swap mode?
In April this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments issued the \"Notice on Improving the Promotion and Application of Financial Subsidy Policies for New Energy Vehicles\". According to the notice, the price of new energy passenger vehicles before subsidies must be less than 300,000 yuan, \"replacement mode\" vehicles Not subject to this requirement.
Xin Guobin, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: We will continue to vigorously promote the construction of charging and swapping infrastructure with relevant departments, further improve relevant technical standards and management policies, and encourage enterprises to develop models for battery swapping based on usage scenarios. We will also support pilot projects and promotion in Beijing, Hainan and other places.
It is understood that currently, my country has promoted more than 4.5 million new energy vehicles, accounting for more than 50% of the world. A total of 38,000 charging stations and 1.3 million charging piles of various types have been built across the country. But at the same time, problems such as the high cost of the vehicle and the inconvenience of charging are prominent.
In fact, the reason why the power exchange model is strongly supported by policies is not only its convenience, but also the huge imagination space hidden behind it. Behind the power exchange model is the exploration of the business model of \"separation of vehicle and electricity\".
Li Yixiu, general manager of BAIC Marketing Company: The core goal of the pursuit is to separate the value of car and electricity. As the most valuable component of the vehicle, the battery will no longer pass on the high cost to consumers, but will be recycled through operation and shared by multiple people. To dilute this part of the cost.
Effectively promote the separation of car and electricity value, which can reduce consumers' car purchase costs, and contribute to the safety and upgrading of batteries, and solve the problem of residual value of used cars. It is understood that some new energy car companies are also planning to establish battery asset management companies to promote the separation of car and battery businesses.
